Dorthea Orem Nursing Theory

Orem's general theory of nursing:

Dorothea Orem's theory was first published in 1971, includes three related concepts: self-care, self-care deficit, and nursing systems. Self-care theory is based on four concepts: self care, self care agency, self care requisites, and therapeutic self-care demands.

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Self care refers to those activities an individual performs independently throughout life to promote and maintain personal well-being. Self care agency is the individual's ability to perform self-care activities. It consists of two agents: a self-care agent (an individual who performs self-care independently) and a dependent care agent (a person other than the individual who provides the care). Most adult care for themselves, whereas infants and people weakened by illness or disability require assistance with self care activities .

Self care requisites, also called self-care needs, are measures or actions taken to provide self-care .

There are three categories of self-care requisites

1- Universal requisites are common to all people. They include maintaining intake and elimination of air, water, and food; balancing rest, solitude, and social interaction; preventing hazards to life and well-being; and promoting normal human functioning.

2- Developmental requisites result from maturation or are associated with conditions or events such as adjusting to change in body image or to the loss of a spouse.

3- Health deviation requisites result from illness,...