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IMPORTANT ANNOUNCEMENT

FINAL EXAMINATION 期末考

• • • •

DATE: MONDAY, January 13th, 2014 TIME: 10:30~12:00 (90 Minutes) PLACE: 教學 512 Please bring your STUDENT ID with you.

• PART I: 35 Multiple-Choice Questions (70%) • PART II: Fill-In (30%)

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English Vowels Part 1/3

PL Textbook: Chapter 4

November 26th, 2013

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Outline

• Transcription and Phonetic Dictionaries • Vowel Quality • Unstressed Syllables • Tense and Lax Vowels • Rules for English Vowel Allophones

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Transcription and Phonetic Dictionaries

• In English, the transcription of vowels varies more than that of consonants. • Two major reasons: • Accents of English differ greatly in the vowels they use. • There is no one right way of transcribing even a single accent of English.

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Transcription and Phonetic Dictionaries

• There is no easy way to simplify English vowel system. As we can see in the following, neither way will make it simpler: • #1: To reduce English to the smallest possible set of symbols, we will have to use other symbols, e.g. the length mark [ː]. • E.g. sheep [ʃiːp] and ship [ʃip]. • #2: To reduce the use of additional symbols, we will need more phonetic symbol to represent possible vowels. • E.g. sheep [ʃip] and ship [ʃɪp]. • The textbook we are using now opts for the second option (#2).

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Transcription and Phonetic Dictionaries

• The style used in this book is (slightly) different from some widely accepted reference books that specify pronunciations in English. • Three authoritative dictionaries: • English Pronouncing Dictionary, 17th Edition (CUP). • Longman Pronunciation Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Pearson) • Oxford Dictionary of Pronunciations for Current English (OUP)

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Transcription and Phonetic Dictionaries

• English Pronouncing Dictionary, 17th Edition (CUP).

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Transcription and Phonetic Dictionaries

• Longman Pronunciation...