Final Exam 2

Chapter 08

Learning and Decision Making

True / False Questions

1. | Learning refers to the process of generating and choosing from a set of alternatives to solve a problem. 

True    False |

2. | Decision making reflects relatively permanent changes in an employee's knowledge or skills that result from experience. 

True    False |

3. | Research shows that the difference between experts and novices is almost always a function of intelligence as opposed to the more popular view that learning makes the difference. 

True    False |

4. | Explicit knowledge is what employees can typically learn only through experience. 

True    False |

5. | Tacit knowledge is the kind of information that can be easily communicated during training sessions or using written manuals. 

True    False |

6. | The entire process of reinforcement is a continuous cycle, and the repetition of behaviors is strengthened to the degree that reinforcement continues to occur. 

True    False |

7. | For positive reinforcement to be successful, an employee needs to see a direct link between his or her behavior and the desired outcome. 

True    False |

8. | Positive reinforcement should necessarily be in the form of material rewards to be effective. 

True    False |

9. | Variable interval schedule is the simplest schedule of reinforcement and happens when a specific consequence follows each and every occurrence of a desired behavior. 

True    False |

10. | Research has consistently shown that fixed reinforcement schedules lead to higher levels of performance than variable schedules. 

True    False |

11. | Research shows that desired behaviors tend to disappear much more quickly when reinforcement is discontinued under variable plans. 

True    False |

12. | When employees observe the actions of others, learn from what they observe, and then repeat the observed behavior, they are engaging in cognitive...