Book

MAKING SOAP FROM A BLEND OF COCONUT OIL AND SESAME OIL

MAJDAH M. MAHAMOUD

171/0083/2009

SUPERVISORS

DR BICHANGA

A project proposal submitted to the chemistry department in partial fulfillment for the award of Bachelor of Science Degree in Industrial Chemistry at Kenyatta University.

FEBRUARY 2013

DECLARATION

I declare that this project proposal is my original work and has not been presented to any other institution for the award of any degree in any other university.

Signature..............................................Date..................................................................

MAJDAH M. MAHAMOUD

CERTIFICATION

This project proposal has been submitted with my approval as a University supervisor:

Signature..............................................Date..................................................................

DR BICHANGA

Signature..............................................Date..................................................................

Chemistry Department

TABLE OF CONTENT

DECLARATION i

ABSTRACT ii

TABLE OF CONTENT iii

1.0 INTRODUCTION 1

2.0 PROBLEM STATEMENT 3

3.0 JUSTIFICATION 3

4.0 HYPOTHESIS 3

5.0 OBJECTIVE 4

6.0 LITERATURE REVIEW 5

6.1 saponification values 5

6.2 modern soap making 7

6.3 blended oils 7

7.0 METHODOLOGY 9

7.1 raw materials 12

7.2.computation using SAP values 12

7.4. preparing of soap 13

7.5. analysis of soap 13

8.0 INPUTS 16

9.0 WORK PLAN 17

10.0 BUDGET ESTIMATES 18

11.0 REFERENCES 19

ABTRACT

Soap is our daily tool as a common cleansing agent. It is simply a water-soluble salt of fatty acids which contain eight or more carbon atoms. Soaps come in many forms, from bars, liquid , powders, chips ,sticks e.t.c.The uses for soaps are just as expansive, from cleaning our hands, hair, and faces to a variety of household cleaning jobs, such as dishes or laundry. Thus they are classified into textile soaps, laundry...