Unit 2 Lecture Study Guide Anatomy &Physiology

1) What are the parts of an atom? Where are the subatomic particles found? Atoms consists a nucleus surrounded by electrons that circle around it. The nucleus is composed of two different types of particles, protons and neutrons. Each proton and electron consist three quarks.

2) How does the Atomic Mass # differ from the Atomic #? The atomic mass is the mass of an atomic particle, sub-atomic particle, or molecule. The atomic number of protons found in the nucleolus of an atom.

3) What is an isotope? Give an example (show how it is an isotope). When atoms are missing a neutron or has an extra one, it’s therefore named as an isotope. Uranium has 3 natural isotopes.

4) Compare and contrast the 3 basic types of chemical bonds and give an example of each. A covalent bond is formed when atoms share valence electrons then atoms do not always share the electrons equally, so polar covalent bonds may happen. When electrons are shared by two metallic atoms a metallic bond may be formed. In a covalent bond, electrons are shared between two atoms.

5) Why is pH important in Anatomy? PH scales have an inverse relationship of hydrogen ions.

6-9) Name the 4 main Organic Molecules in Biochemistry. Describe each one, and provide an example. What are the “building blocks” of each molecule? For example, protein = Amino Acid.

10) There are 4 levels of protein structure. What are the levels? How do the levels of a protein differ in structure and function? Primary is the sequence of a chain of amino acids. Secondary occurs when the sequence of amino acids are linked by hydrogen bonds. Tertiary occurs when certain attractions are present between alpha helices and pleated sheets. Quaternary is a protein consisting of more than one amino acid chain.

11) Describe the structure of ATP and why it is important? At the centre is a sugar molecule, ribose. Attached to one side of this is a base, the other side of the sugar is attached to a string of...