Economics

Case Studies Analyzing the Economic Benefits of Low Impact Development and Green Infrastructure Programs

Case Studies Analyzing the Economic Benefits of Low Impact Development and Green Infrastructure Programs

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Wetlands, Oceans and Watersheds Nonpoint Source Control Branch (4503T) 1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW Washington, DC 20460

EPA 841-R-13-004 August 2013

Cover Photos: Top Left: Landscaped curb extension captures street runoff (City of San Diego Low Impact Development Design Manual) Bottom Left: Cisterns at the Pine Knoll Shores Aquarium in Atlantic Beach, NC (Jason Wright, Tetra Tech, Inc.) Right: Green roof in Philadelphia, PA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency)

Case Studies Analyzing the Economic Benefits of Low Impact Development and Green Infrastructure Programs

Acknowledgments

EPA gratefully acknowledges the pioneering efforts of the communities listed below and the time and assistance these communities provided to enable the preparation of this document so that their experiences might benefit communities at large: Alachua County Environmental Protection Division, Gainesville, Florida Capitol Region Watershed District, St. Paul, Minnesota Charlotte-Mecklenburg Storm Water Services, City of Charlotte and Mecklenburg County, North Carolina Kane County, Illinois City of Kirkland Department Public Works, Washington City of Lenexa Department of Public Works, Kansas Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District, Wisconsin New York City Mayor’s Office of Long-Term Planning and Sustainability, New York Philadelphia Water Department, Pennsylvania City of Portland Environmental Services and Office of Sustainable Development, Oregon Seattle Public Utilities, Washington Los Angeles County Department of Public Works, California Iowa Department of Economic Development, Des Moines, Iowa Support for this document was provided to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency by Stratus Consulting, Inc., of...