Underground Transportation Systems in Europe

INTERNATIONAL TECHNOLOGY SCANNING PROGRAM

Underground Transportation Systems in Europe:

Safety, Operations, and Emergency Response

SPONSORED BY: U.S. Department of Transportation

IN COOPERATION WITH:

Federal Highway Administration

American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials National Cooperative Highway Research Program

June 2006

N O T I C E

The Federal Highway Administration provides high-quality information to serve Government, industry, and the public in a manner that promotes public understanding. Standards and policies are used to ensure and maximize the quality, objectivity, utility, and integrity of its information. FHWA periodically reviews quality issues and adjusts its programs and processes to ensure continuous quality improvement.

Technical Report Documentation Page

1. Report No. 2. Government Accession No. 3. Recipient’s Catalog No.

FHWA-PL-06-016

4. Title and Subtitle

Underground Transportation Systems in Europe: Safety, Operations, and Emergency Response

5. Report Date

June 2006

6. Performing Organization Code 8. Performing Organization Report No.

7. Author(s)

Steven Ernst, Mahendra Patel, Harry Capers, Donald Dwyer, Chris Hawkins, Gary Steven Jakovich, Wayne Lupton, Tom Margro, Mary Lou Ralls, Jesus Rohena, Mike Swanson

9. Performing Organization Name and Address

10. Work Unit No. (TRAIS)

American Trade Initiatives P.O. Box 8228 Alexandria, VA 22306-8228

12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address

11. Contract or Grant No. DTFH61-99-C-005

Office of International Programs Office of Policy Federal Highway Administration U.S. Department of Transportation American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials National Cooperative Highway Research Program

15. Supplementary Notes

13. Type of Report and Period Covered

14. Sponsoring Agency Code

FHWA COTR: Hana Maier, Office of International Programs

16. Abstract

The United States has limited...