Science Notes

Science Test

Hazardous Household Product Symbols (HHPS):

- were developed to indicate why and to what degree a product is dangerous

(study diagrams on Blackline Master 5.1c)

Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System (WHMIS):

- were developed to standardize the labelling of dangerous materials used in all workplaces

(study diagrams on Blackline Master 5.1c)

Physical Properties:

- a characteristic or description of a substance that may help to identify it

The States of Matter –

Solid – Definite shape: has a fixed unchanging shape

Definite volume: has a fixed volume

Liquid – Indefinite shape: always takes the shape of its container

Definite volume: has a fixed volume

Gas – Indefinite shape: always takes the shape of its container

Indefinite volume: always fills the entire container

Hardness – a measure of the resistance of a solid to being scratched or dented.

Examples: a harder material will scratch or dent a softer one, but not vice versa; diamond is used to cut glass because it is harder than it.

Malleability – it can be hammered or bent into different shapes.

Examples: aluminium foil is malleable so it’s useful for wrapping food in it as it cooks; if an object is not malleable (it shatters when hammered) it is brittle.

Ductility – it can be pulled into wires.

Examples: copper is used for electrical wiring because it can be drawn out into long thin wires.

Melting and Boiling Point - the temperatures at which substances change state.

Examples: water always changes from liquid to solid ice at 0 degrees Celsius (freezing point is 0 degrees Celsius); boiling point is 100 degrees Celsius (when it changes from liquid to vapour)

Crystal Form – are the solid forms of many minerals in which you can see a definite structure of cubes or blocks with a regular pattern.

Examples: when you look closely at salt crystals, you can see tiny cubes; when you look closely at sodium thiosulphate, you can see...