Patho Chronic Renal Disease

Pathophysiology Research Assignment

Chronic Renal Disease

Kelsey Keane

Trocaire College

BI333

Pathophysiology

Chronic renal failure (CRF) is a slow progressive condition where the kidney’s ability to function ultimately deteriorates. This condition is not reversible. The kidneys have the capacity to perform effectively even though most of the nephrons have been destroyed. (Ellis,2015) Chronic renal failure is a gradual irreversible construction of the kidneys over a long period of time may result from chronic kidney disease such as bilateral pyelonephritis or congenital polycystic kidney disease or from systemic disorders such as hypertension or diabetes. Chronic renal failure or is several stages progressing from decreased renal or serve to insufficiency to end-stage renal failure or uremia in early stages of decreased reserve around 60% of nephrons are lost. There is a decrease in GFR serum, creatinine levels that are consistently higher than average but within normal range, serum urea levels that are normal and no apparent clinical signs. The remaining nephrons compensate increasing their capacity for filtration. The second stages around 75% of nephrons are lost as indicated by a change in blood chemistry and clinical manifestations. The GFR serum is decreased to approximately 20% of normal and there is significant retention of nitrogen waste such as urea and creatinine in the blood. Tubule function is decreased resulting in failure to concentrate urine and control the secretion and exchange of acids and electrolytes. This stage is marked by excretion of large volumes of dilute urine with low specific gravity, erythropoiesis is decreased and the patient's blood pressure is elevated the cardiovascular system must compensate for these effects uremia. End stage renal failure occurs when GFR is negligible more than 90% of nephrons are lost fluid electrolyte and nitrogen wastes are retained in the...