Oslo Manual

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development

THE MEASUREMENT OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES PROPOSED GUIDELINES FOR COLLECTING AND INTERPRETING TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION DATA

OSLO MANUAL

European Commission

Eurostat

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter 1 OBJECTIVES AND SCOPE OF THE MANUAL ...................................................................... 5 1. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................. 5 2. FACTORS INFLUENCING THE SCOPE OF THE MANUAL ........................................................... 5 2.1 Understanding the innovation process and the implications for innovation policy......................... 6 2.2 Experience on the supply side .......................................................................................................... 7 3. SCOPE OF THE MANUAL .................................................................................................................. 7 3.1 Sectoral coverage ............................................................................................................................. 7 3.2 Innovation at the level of the firm.................................................................................................... 8 3.3 Technological product and process innovation................................................................................ 8 3.4 Diffusion of innovation .................................................................................................................... 9 4. PROVIDING DATA ON THE KEY ISSUES ..................................................................................... 10 4.1 Factors influencing TPP innovation ............................................................................................... 10 4.2 TPP innovation activities and expenditures...