Have

1. If you have mentioned the author’s name in your writing, give the date and page number in brackets.

For example:

Shah maintains that in recent years Coventry has become Britain’s most important industrial city (2005:66).

2. If a source has multiple authors, give all their names in the order stated in the source, up to three authors. (No page number is given in this case because the argument is made throughout the source).

For example:

Cox, Patel, and Pavliotis predict that Britain will adopt the euro in the future (2004).

3. If a source has more than three authors, give the first author and then write et al, which means ‘and the others’.

For example:

Fletcher et al suggest that in this century, global climate change has caused billions of pounds worth of damage (2005:88).

4. If you have not mentioned the author’s name in your writing, state the author, date, and page number in brackets. If you give more than one in-text citation to support your argument, separate the entries with a comma.

For example:

Health informatics will radically change the nature of the National Health Service by the year 2010 (Cox 2002: 3, Padda 2005: 14).

5. If you cite an internet source, give the organisation which produced the site as the author and give the date the site was created or last updated.

For example:

The Lanchester Library is a highly environmentally friendly building (Coventry University 2005).

Citing Secondary Sources

If you cite from a book or article which gives a useful quotation from another book or article, TRY to find the original book or article.

If you cannot find the original source, complete your in-text citation of a quote in this way:

a. Give the surname of the author whose original work you have NOT read.

Then write ‘cited in’ and give the surname of the author whose work you HAVE read (in which the reference to the first author appears). Then give the date and page number.

For example:...