Cytology

CYTOLOGY- study of the structure and functions of the cell

EVENTS IN THE DISCOVERY:

* 1665- Robert Hooke, examined a cork under a microscope, cell was derived from the Latin word “cellulae” meaning chamber, compartments or small room.

* Anton Van Leeuwenhoek- Father of Microscopy, Father of Microbiology

Invented the microscope, he was given a wrong credit, observed microorganisms in the lake of Netherlands and there discovered *tiny organisms (animalcules) and *shapes of the bacteria namely: spherical, rod and spiral.

* Robert Brown- discovered the presence of minute spherical body located at the

of the cell, and called it the nucleus, but did not give the function, only the description.

* Lorenz Oken- he speculated that cells are the fundamental units of life.

* Purkinje- discovered the presence of protoplasm in the cell

* Mohl and Schultze- speculated that the protoplasm is the chemical basis of life and

developed the idea that living organisms carry out their activities because of the activities of their component cells.

* Matthias Scleiden (Botanist) and Theodor Schwann (Zoologist)-summarized all the findings of

many scientists about the cell and formulated the Cell Theory.

* Rudolf Virchow- discovered the function of the nucleus and its function related

to its reproduction.

PRINCIPLES OF THE CELL THEORY

1. All living organisms are made up of one or more cells and cell products.

2. The cell is the basic unit of organization in all living organism.

* One-celled (unicellular)

* More cells (multi-cellular)

3. Except for the origin of life, all cells arise from pre-existing cells.

4. Cells are interconnected, so that a population of cells act as a single unit.

5. Cells of multi-cellular organism stick together on a solid surface known as basement membrane, in order for them to divide, move, assume, specialize shape and carry out the necessary functions of life

PROPERTIES...