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Date Submitted: 11/15/2011 02:46 AM
Chapter 1 Temperature and Thermometers
Checkpoint (p.11)
1. Temperature is a physical quantity that measures the degree of hotness or coldness of an object. The most common scales are the Celsius scale and Kelvin scale. Their respective units are °C and K.
2. C
3. B. The lowest possible temperature is −273°C.
Exercise (p.11)
1. C
2. C
3. (a) Incorrect. A physical quantity is a thermometric property as long as it changes with temperature. Whether it changes linearly with temperature is not a necessary condition of being a thermometric property.
(b) Incorrect. A physical quantity is a thermometric property as long as it changes with temperature. Whether it increases or decreases with temperature is not a necessary condition of being a thermometric property.
(c) Incorrect. Y does not change with temperature. It is not a thermometric property.
(d) Correct. Y does not change with temperature. It may represent the mass of an object.
4. The average surface temperature of the Earth in the Kelvin scale
= 15 + 273
= 288 K
5. The average surface temperature of Mars in the Celsius scale
= 210 − 273
= −63°C
Checkpoint (p.21)
1. (a) Correct. From Figure Q1b, the slope of the graph increases with the temperature.
(b) Correct. 5 equally spaced divisions are made between the liquid levels at 0°C and 100°C. From Figure Q1b, the liquid expands non-linearly. Since the slope of the lowest division is the smallest, the lowest division represents a temperature range larger than 20°C.
(c) correct
2. C
From Figure Q2, the variation of the resistance is the largest in the temperature range 60–100°C. Moreover, within that range, the resistance almost changes linearly. It is the best working range.
3. C
Let l be the length of the mercury column at the normal human body temperature of 37°C.
The increase in length of the mercury column when the temperature rises from 0°C to 100°C is l1 = 25 − 5 = 20...