Essay Criminal Justice

THE EVOLUTION AND DEVELOPMENT

OF

POLICE TECHNOLOGY

A Technical Report prepared for The National Committee on Criminal Justice Technology National Institute of Justice By SEASKATE, INC. 555 13th Street, NW 3rd Floor, West Tower Washington, DC 20004 July 1, 1998

This project was supported under Grant 95-IJ-CX-K001(S-3) from the National Institute of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice. Points of view in this document are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the U.S. Department of Justice.

THE EVOLUTION AND DEVELOPMENT OF POLICE TECHNOLOGY

THIS PUBLICATION CONTAINS BOTH AN OVERVIEW AND FULL-LENGTH VERSIONS OF OUR REPORT ON POLICE TECHNOLOGY. PUBLISHING THE TWO VERSIONS TOGETHER ACCOUNTS

FOR SOME DUPLICATION OF TEXT.

THE OVERVIEW IS DESIGNED TO BE A BRIEF SURVEY OF THE SUBJECT.THE TECHNICAL REPORT IS MEANT FOR READERS SEEKING DETAILED INFORMATION.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .VI OVERVIEW REPORT INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 PART ONE:THE HISTORY AND THE EMERGING FEDERAL ROLE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 THE POLITICAL ERA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 THE PROFESSIONAL MODEL ERA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 TECHNOLOGY AND THE NATIONALIZATION OF CRIME . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 CRIME COMMISSION FINDINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 THE ADVENT AND LESSONS OF 911 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....