Course Notes Math 136 - Uwaterloo

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Linear Algebra 1

Course Notes for MATH 136 Edition 1.0 D. Wolczuk

Copyright: D. Wolczuk, 1st Edition, 2011

Contents

A Note to Students - READ THIS! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Vectors in Euclidean Space 1.1 Vector Addition and Scalar Multiplication 1.2 Subspaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 Dot Product . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4 Projections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii vii 1 1 12 16 23 28 28 32 46 46 58 65 75 78 78 90 99 107 107 112 118 129 134 138 138 143 151 156

2 Systems of Linear Equations 2.1 Systems of Linear Equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2 Solving Systems of Linear Equation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Matrices and Linear Mappings 3.1 Operations on Matrices . . . . . 3.2 Linear Mappings . . . . . . . . 3.3 Special Subspaces . . . . . . . . 3.4 Operations on Linear Mappings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4 Vector Spaces 4.1 Vector Spaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2 Bases and Dimension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3 Coordinates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Inverses and Determinants 5.1 Matrix Inverses . . . . . . 5.2 Elementary Matrices . . . 5.3 Determinants . . . . . . . 5.4 Determinants and Systems 5.5 Area and Volume . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . of Equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....