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Date Submitted: 09/14/2012 01:27 AM
MODULE 2
SYNOPSIS
CHAPTER 2 - CROSS-CULTURAL BUSINESS
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
1. Describe culture and explain the significance of both national culture and subcultures.
2. Identify the components of culture and describe their impact on international business.
3. Describe cultural change and explain how companies and culture affect each another.
4. Explain how the physical environment and technology influence culture.
5. Describe the two main frameworks used to classify cultures and explain their practical use.
Chapter Outline:
What Is Culture?
Avoiding Ethnocentricity
Developing Cultural Literacy
National Culture and Subcultures
National Culture
Subcultures
Components of Culture
Aesthetics
Values and Attitudes
Attitudes toward Time
Attitudes toward Work
Attitudes toward Cultural Change
Cultural Diffusion
When Companies Change Cultures
When Cultures Change Companies
Is a Global Culture Emerging?
Manners and Customs
Manners
Customs
Folk and Popular Customs
The Business of Gift Giving
Social Structure
Social Group Associations
Family
Gender
Social Status
Social Mobility
Caste System
Class System
Religion
Christianity
Islam
Hinduism
Buddhism
Confucianism
Judaism
Shinto
Personal Communication
Spoken and Written Language
Implications for Managers
Language Blunders
Lingua Franca
Body Language
Education
Education Level
The “Brain Drain” Phenomenon
Physical and Material Environments
Physical Environment
Topography
Climate
Material Culture
Uneven Material Culture
Classifying Cultures
Kluckhohn–Strodtbeck Framework
Case: Dimensions of Japanese Culture
Hofstede Framework
Bottom Line...