Cloning Ethics

Cloning: History, Implications, Roadblocks, Opinions, and Progress

Table of Contents

Cloning: History, Implications, Roadblocks, Opinions and Progress.…………………………....1

What is Cloning?..................................................................................................................1

DNA Cloning……...…………………………………………………………….…….…..2

Reproductive Cloning……………………………………………………………………..3

Therapeutic Cloning……………………………………………………………………….4

What Can Be Cloned and By What Methods?................................................................................5

Plant Cloning……………………………………………………………………………...6

Animal Cloning………………….……………………………………………………......7

Human Cloning…………………………………………………………………….……..9

Beginning Theories and Experiments………………………………….………………………10

The Germ Plasm Theory…………………………………………………………………11

Wilhelm Roux and Developmental Mechanics……………………………………….....13

Hans Driesch’s Sea Urchin Experiment…….…………………………………………...15

Hans Spemann and the Fantastical Experiment…………………………….……………………17

Oswald Avery and Frederick Griffith Rewriting DNA……………………………….…………19

Table of Contents (Continued)

The First Animal Cloned: Leopard Frogs……………………………………………….……….22

Francis Crick and the Discovery of DNA Structure………………..………………...….………24

The Genetic Code…………………………………………………..……………………………26

Dark Times for Cloning…………………………………………………………………...……..30

The Polymerase Chain Reaction…………………………………………………………………32

Steve Willadsen: Cloned Sheep………………………………………………………………….34

The Human Genome Project………………………………………………………………….….36

Dolly the Sheep………..…………………………………………………………………………37

Richard Seed and the Human Cloning Ban……………………………………………………...39

Current State of affairs of Cloning (2012)……………………………………………………….41

Background on Cloning……………………………………………………………………...…..42

What Exactly is this Research?…………………………………………………………..43

Legal Status of Cloning Here, Within the USA………………………………………….44

Cloning Law Outside the USA…………………………………………………………..45

History of...