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Category: US History
Date Submitted: 10/22/2012 02:00 PM
Chapter 5
Changes on the Western Union
The culture of the Plains Indians declines as white settlers transform the Great Plain.
Cultures Clash on the Prairie
The cattle industry booms in the late 1800s, as the culture of the Plains Indians decline.
The Culture of the Plains Indians
Life on the Plains
Great Plains – grasslands in west-central portion of the U.S.
East: hunting, farming villages; West: nomadic hunting, gathering
The Horse and the Buffalo
Horses, guns lead most Plains tribes to nomadic life by mid-1700s
Trespassing others’ hunting lands causes war; count coup for status
Buffalo provides many basics needs:
-hides used for teepees, clothes, blankets
-meat used for jerky, pemmican
Family Life
Form family groups with ties to other bands that speak the same language
Men are hunters, warriors; women butcher meat, prepare hides
Believe in powerful spirits that control natural world –men or women can become shamans
Children learn through myths, stories, games, example
Communal life; leaders rule by counsel
Settlers Push Westward
Clash of Cultures
Native Americans: land cannot be owned; settlers: want to own land
Settlers think natives forfeited land because did not improve it
Since consider land unsettled, migrants go west to claim it
The Lure of Silver and Gold
1858 discovery of gold in Colorado draws tens of thousands
Mining camps, tiny towns have filthy, ramshackle dwellings
Fortune seekers of different cultures, races; mostly men
The Government Restricts Native Americans
Railroads Influence Government Policy
1834, government designates Great Plains as one huge reservation
1850s, treaties define specific boundaries for each tribe
Massacre at Sand Creek
Troops kill over 150 Cheyenne, Arapaho at Sand Creek winter camp
Death on the Bozeman Trail
Bozeman Trail crosses Sioux hunting grounds
-Red Cloud asks for end of settlements; Crazy Horse ambushes troops
Treaty of Fort Laramie – U.S. closes trail; Sioux to...