Behavior Modification

Applied Behavior Analysis

Introduction

Behavior modification refers to establishing appropriate behavior in individuals and discourages those that are undesirable. Research over the years has led to the formulation of certain techniques that are used for behavior modification. Behavior modification techniques are largely based on the principles of operant conditioning developed by B. F. Skinner, an American behaviorist. These techniques are used in behavior modification therapy that aims to correct and instill appropriate behavior in individuals (Cooper et al, 2008).

Target Behavior Identified

My friend, Robert has been experiencing panic attacks for 6 months. He used to enjoy socializing with friends and family. But since his panic attacks began, he finds himself making excuses to avoid being in social situations that trigger his anxiety and panic responses.

The target behavior in this case is avoidance. Robert will need to put himself into those situations that he fears. In order for this to be successful, he will need to learn and practice some coping techniques, such as:

• Positive self talk

• Deep breathing

• Thought stopping

Behavior Modification Program

Classical conditioning is useful in the treatment of phobias or anxiety problems. Classical conditioning can be applied by creating a positive environment to help overcome anxiety or fear. Pairing an anxiety-provoking situation, such as confronting a group of people, with pleasant surroundings helps the individual learn new associations. Instead of feeling anxious and tense in these situations, the individual will learn to stay relaxed and calm. Classical conditioning can be used to increase the amount of a behavior, but it can also be used to decrease behavior.

Behaviorists have described a number of different phenomena associated with classical conditioning. Some of these elements involve the initial establishment of...