Disposal of Used Engine Oil

CHAPTER two

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 INTRODUCTION

In automobile vehicle, Oils are used for lubricating engines which reduces heat and wear of moving parts of the engine, also serve as detergent which pick up dirts as the oil circulates in the engine. Oils are gotten form animal’s fats, vergetables and minerals. Additives and chemicals are added to these oil to perform some desired purposes. The additives and chemicals which are added to the oil are toxic and unfriendly to the environment when they are not disposed off properly. The use of oil is also very important at industrial level. In the industry, oils are used for processing, conveying of goods or product and many more.

2.2 SOURCES OF OIL

Motor vehicle oil is obtained from (3) three main sources.

These are vegetables, minerals and animals. (Hillier, 1991).

2.2.1 VEGETABLE OIL

Vegetable oil also decomposes too readily to be satisfactory. Although it has the ability to lubricate under arduous conditions, they form treacle like deposits after a short period of time. In spite of these effects they are seldomly used. (Hillier, 1991).

2.2.2 MINERAL OIL

This type of oil is refined from a crude oil or petroleum and is more suitable and stable than other types. They form the basics of all the modern lubricant. Oil of this type is improved by adding certain chemicals known as additives. (Hillier, 1991).

2.2.3 ANIMAL OIL

These are animal fats such as fallow and whale which are purified and suitably treated and used for certain purposes. This type of oil discomposes too readily to be suitable lubricant in the modern motor vehicle. (Hillier, 1991).

2.3 COMPOSITIONS OF MINERAL OIL

2.3.1 ORIGIN OF MINERAL OIL

Crude oil is a compound containing carbon and hydrogen, with or without non metallic elements such as oxygen and sulphur.Oil is decayed organic matter that becomes embedded and over time, extreme pressure, high temperatures and lack of oxygen...