Unit 2 Study Guide

Aviana Corbett

Unit 2 Lecture Study Guide

1) What are the parts of an atom? Where are the subatomic particles found? The central nucleus and the electron shell or electron cloud. Protons, neutrons and electrons are subatomic particles. Protons and neutrons are both found inside the nucleus of an atom whereas the electrons are found on the electron cloud or electron shell.

2) How does the Atomic Mass # differ from the Atomic #?

The atomic mass number is the total number of protons in the nucleus. The atomic number is the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus. Therefore the difference is that the mass number includes neutrons and the atomic number does not.

3) What is an isotope? Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have different mass numbers due to different numbers of neutrons.

Give an example (show how it is an isotope). Carbon-12 aka C612 and Carbon- 14 aka C614 are examples of isotopes. One has 2 more neutrons than the other.

4) Compare and contrast the 3 basic types of chemical bonds and give an example of each.

Ionic bonds are between metal and non-metal, generally. In an ionic bond, an electron is taken from the metal by the non-metal. Covalent bonds are generally between two nonmetals. The electrons are shared between the two atoms though often unequally. Hydrogen bonding is a form of intermolecular forces of attraction, so it is not a bond between atoms, but rather a force that pulls two separate molecules towards each other. Ionic and covalent bonds are both bonds between atoms.

5) Why is pH important in Anatomy?

The pH level is not necessarily that important in anatomy but in physiology pH is crucial because the body has to be at specific pH level in order for organs to function properly. Certain physiological reactions will not occur if the pH level is not at the correct level.

6-9) Name the 4 main Organic Molecules in Biochemistry. Proteins, Carbohydrates, Nucleic acids and lipids.

Describe each one, and provide...