Anatomy Unit 2 Study Guide

Unit 2 Lecture Study Guide

1) What are the parts of an atom? Where are the subatomic particles found?

Protons, neutrons, electrons; a subatomic particle is a particle that is smaller than an atom or a cluster of particles. Protons are bunched up in the nucleus with the neutrons. Electrons orbit the nucleus in shells that can be broken down into sub-shells called orbitals.

2) How does the Atomic Mass # differ from the Atomic #?

The mass # is the number of protons + the number of neutrons. The atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.

3) What is an isotope? Give an example (show how it is an isotope).

An isotope is an atom that has the same properties as the elemental form of the substance but has either more or less neutrons. An example is Carbon – Carbon12 is the element form, Carbon 14 is an isotope of Carbon because it has 2 more neutrons and the same amount of protons.

4) Compare and contrast the 3 basic types of chemical bonds and give an example of each.

• Ionic bonds: formed between a metal and a nonmetal. Results in a polar compound with weak bonds. NaBr (Sodium Bromide)

• Covalent bonds: sharing of pairs of electrons between atoms. Usually formed in similar electronegativity atoms. They result in non-polar molecules with strong bonds. H20 (Water)

• Hydrogen bonds: attractions that force themselves between hydrogen atoms in a molecule with another electronegative atom. Nylon

5) Why is pH important in Anatomy?

pH makes the body function correctly. If the pH of a body is off, some reactions can’t occur. Blood needs pH to remain at about 7.4; the stomach enzymes function best at about 1.5. If the pH is not right around these numbers, reactions can’t happen and the body won’t work and process properly.

9) Name the 4 main Organic Molecules in Biochemistry. Describe each one, and provide an example. What are the “building...