Anatomy Review for the Nervous System - Week 12 Study Guide

Anatomy review for the nervous system - Week 12 Study Guide

1. Distinguish the difference between neuron, neuroglial cells, Schwann cells, neurofibrils, and astrocytes.

Neurons are nervous tissue that consists of masses of nerves, while neuroglia cells provide neurons certain physiological requirements. As the Schwann cells are large axons of peripheral neurons enclosed in sheaths but the cells found between neurons are called astrocytes.

2. What is the difference between dendrites and axons?

Dendrites carry impulses to cell body with multiple dendrites per cell body; Axon conducts nerve impulses away from cell body, only one per cell body.

3. What color does myelin (the lipid-protein layers that form a sheath around an axon) appear?

White

4. What are the 2 main parts of the nervous system?

The central nervous system and peripheral nervous system are the 2 main parts of the nervous system.

5. What are 3 functions of the nervous system?

Sensory Input

Integration

Motor Output

6. What is the junction between 2 communicating neurons called?

Synapse

7. What are the simplest nerve pathways called?

Reflex arc

8. Put the following in the correct sequence to identify the path a reflex arc takes: effector, sensory neuron, motor neuron, receptor, interneuron.

Receptor, sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuron, effector

9. What are the membranes called that are located between the bone and soft tissue of the nervous system?

Meninges

10. There are 3 layers of membranes of the nervous system. Name them in order starting with the outer layer.

Dura mater, Arachnoid mater, and Pia mater.

11. Between what 2 layers is the CSF found?

Between arachnoid mater and Pia mater.

12. In a spinal tap, between which vertebrae is the needle inserted to measure cerebrospinal fluid pressure?

Arachnoid mater...