Anatomy Study Guide

1. Distinguish the difference between neuron, neuroglial cells, Schwann cells, neurofibrils, and astrocytes. Neurons- the structural and functional cells reacting to the physical and chemical changes in their environment. Neuroglial Cells- the supporting cells necessary for nourishing and maintaining the neurons, among other functions. Astrocytes- star-shaped cells located between neurons and blood vessels. Schwann Cells- The cell that wraps around a nerve fiber to form a protective myelin sheath. Neurofibrils- A fibril in the cytoplasm of a nerve cell, visible by light microscopy.

2. What is the difference between dendrites and axons? Dendrites receive the message and take It to the cell body axons transmit the message from the cell body

3. What color does myelin (the lipid-protein layers that form a sheath around an axon) appear? white

4. What are the 2 main parts of the nervous system? The Central Nervous System (CNS) and the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS).

5. What are 3 functions of the nervous system? To receive information, interpret it, then send out instructions to the appropriate muscles and glands

6. What is the junction between 2 communicating neurons called? Synapse

7. What are the simplest nerve pathways called? Reflex arch

Put the following in the correct sequence to identify the path a reflex arc takes: effector, sensory neuron, motor neuron, receptor, interneuron. Receptor, Sensory Neuron, Interneuron, Motor Neuron, Effector

8. What are the membranes called that are located between the bone and soft tissue of the nervous system? meninges

9. There are 3 layers of membranes of the nervous system. Name them in order starting with the outer layer. Dura Mate Arachnoid Membrane Pia Mater

10. Between what 2 layers is the CSF found? pia mater and the arachnoid

11. In a spinal tap, between which vertebrae is the needle inserted to measure cerebrospinal fluid pressure? lumbar vertebrae

12. The brain is divided into 3 major sections, what...