Week 14 Study Guide – the Endocrine System

Week 14 Study Guide – The Endocrine System

1) What are hormones?

A regulatory substance produced in an organism and transported in tissue fluids such as blood or sap to stimulate specific cells or tissues into action. Hormones affect other endocrine glands or body systems.

2) How are hormones transported?

Various glands release (like exocrine glands) hormones directly onto the blood, which in turn transports the hormones to target tissues via ducts.

3) Why is the pituitary gland called the “Master” gland?

Because it controls many other glands, it also produces many hormones.

4) What are the two segments of the pituitary?

Posterior Pituitary and Anterior Pituitary

5) Where is the thyroid gland located?

The thyroid gland is located in the anterior neck just below the larynyx.

6) What are the symptoms of myxedema?

➢ Facial bloating

➢ Weakness

➢ Cold intolerance

➢ Lethargy

➢ Altered mental status

➢ Oily skin and hair

➢ TX: replacement of thyroid hormones

7) Why is a rabbit shown on the slide of hyperthyroidism?

The rabbit is shown because it causes tachycardia which is when you heart beats faster than it should, like the rabbits heart beating fast.

8) How many parathyroid glands do we have?

Four

9) What does the pancreas have to do with the Endocrine system?

Secrets insulin which makes it part of the endocrine system.

10) What are the 3 types of cells in the pancreas?

Alpha, Beta, and Delta

11) Where are the adrenal glands located?

The two small glands sit on the top of both kidneys.

12) What are the 3 types of hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex?

➢ Gluticocorticoids

➢ Mineralocorticoids

➢ Androgenic

13) What is Cushing’s disease?

Prolonged increase in adrenal cortex hormones caused by a tumor on the pituitary glands

14) What hormones are secreted by the ovaries and testes?

The ovaries secrete estrogen and testes secrete testosterone.

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