Week 14 Study Guide the Endocrine System Questions and Answers

Week 14 Study Guide – The Endocrine System

What are hormones? a regulatory substance produced in an organism and transported in tissue fluids such as blood or sap to stimulate specific cells or tissues into action.

How are hormones transported? Hormones travel through the blood until they reach a cell with a receptor that they fit in, and then a molecule attaches to the receptor and sends a signal inside.

Why is the pituitary gland called the “Master” gland? The pituitary gland is sometimes called the "master" gland of the endocrine system because it controls the functions of the other endocrine glands.

What are the two segments of the pituitary?The anterior (or front) pituitary produces hormones that affect the breasts, adrenals, thyroid, ovaries and testes, as well as several other hormones. The main glands affected by the posterior (or rear) pituitary are the kidneys.

Where is the thyroid gland located? anterior neck

What are the symptoms of myxedema? fatigue,lethargy,mental impairment, depression,cold intolerance,hoarseness,dry skin, weight gain, change in menstrual cycles, constipation, and headaches.

Why is a rabbit shown on the slide of hyperthyroidism? hyperthyroid animals have increased tolerance for hyperthyroidism.

How many parathyroid glands do we have? four

What does the pancreas have to do with the Endocrine system? In contrast to the endocrine pancreas, which secretes hormones into the blood, the exocrine pancreas produces digestive enzymes and an alkaline fluid

What are the 3 types of cells in the pancreas? Alpha cells, Beta Cells, and Delta cells

Where are the adrenal glands located? located in the retroperitoneum superior to the kidneys

What are the 3 types of hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex? Using cholesterol as the starting material, the cells of the adrenal cortex secrete a variety of steroid hormones.

What hormones are secreted by the ovaries and testes?These hormones are collectively...