Motivation by Design

JOB DESIGN:

Is a variation on the concept of job enlargement. Job enrichment adds new sources of job satisfaction by increasing the level of responsibility of the employee.

• Definition Process of putting specialized tasks back together so that one person is responsible for producing a whole product or an entire service.

• The purpose  give the employee more self-management in his duties, to make the job more satisfying and it gives to the employee more vertical authority and autonomy.

• Example Motorola’s communication division where individual employees are now responsible for assembling, tenting, and packaging the company’s pocket devices. Previously, these products were made on an assembly line that used as many workers.

• Disadvantages:

- Limited by the production technology available and by the capabilities of the employees.

-Complex products require too many steps or many different skills for one individual to produce efficiently.

• Advantages:

- Gives employees more opportunities for autonomy and feedback.

-Give employees more responsibilities that require decision making.

Team-Based Job Design

• Focus on giving a team (rather than an individual) a whole and a meaningful piece of work to do.

• Team members are empowered to decide among themselves how to accomplish the work. They are trained in different skills in order to rotate to do different tasks within the team.

• ExampleGM’s Saturn division located in Spring Hill, Tennessee. The process of assembling the Saturn car is accomplished by self-managed teams of 8 to 15 workers. Each team takes responsibility for managing itself. It interviews and a hire new team members, manages its own budget and develop plans to use its materials in a more efficient way.

PACLAGE MOTIVATION:

- Maslow theory: For employees to be motivated it is necessary to satisfy some of their needs, starting with the most important (physiological and safety).

- McGregor's theory: Not all employees...