Management Evolved over Times

Management Evolved over Times

Since the last two decades of the nineteenth century, management has changed (Kiechel III, 2012, pp. 61—75), more precisely; it has evolved a lot throughout time. Many different management theories have been taken the process of being developed, practised, discarded, forgotten and some of them remain until today. The evolution of management theories is going to break into three main eras ever since. The rise of management theories could be a result of the particular times which has specific social and economic environment; it also could be advancement in thoughts that naturally comes from the practices of the previous theories. Once in the past, higher efficiency and less waste were the only things that capitalists cared at. However, in 21st Century, people don't expect to be treated like another piece of machinery, on the opposite, they like to be treated with fairness and respect (Dos Santos and Powell et al., 2002, pp. 788—796).

In the early years of the last century, making it more scientific will interpret “improving the practice of management”. A new managerial elite studied factory-floor operations and the psychology of workers have been studied by a new managerial elite, then productivity made a significant increase while operations had been streamlined. When it came to the middle years of the century, the study of management became more sophisticated and self-confident, organizations are learned to be considered as social institutions, and welfare of employees are noticed by managers. Executives started to apply the principles of strategy (conceived for warfare) to how companies were run. Started from 1980, emerging markets, global trade and fast-developing information technology were quite challenging topics to the executives, to deal with this disequilibrium, a strategy consulting industry has evolved with the slogan of “thought leadership” (Kiechel III, 2012, pp. 61—75).

The first era, is known as the Scientific...