Case Study Answers

Marisa

I. Scenario a

1) Describe bone physiology and the bone remodeling process. Be sure to emphasize the two types of bone tissue and the roles of osteoblasts and osteoclasts.

Bones are dense and provide support and structure to the body. Bone will be one of two types; compact which is dense and tough, or spongy which is not as dense and more flexible. Bones contain osteocytes, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts. Osteocytes exist in the lacuna. Osteocytes primary goal is bone deposition and resorption. They are secreted by osteoblasts. Osteocytes send messages to other osteocytes when any kind of damage or stress has come to the bone through physical activity. When continuous repairing occurs, the bone will become stronger over time. But on the other hand, if there is no repairing of the bone, they can become weak.

Osteoblasts primary goals are synthesis and mineralization and are present when bones are formed and during remodeling.

The bone remodeling process involves something called Basic Multicellular Unit (BMU). The BMU are cells the travel around bone structures and find stressed or damaged areas of bone. They then dissolve into that area and fill it in with now new bone.

2) Explain the relationship between calcium and bone.

Calcium is the most apparent mineral in the body and helps make bones strong and dense. Since calcium is not produced in the body, the body has to pull it from the bones where it is stored. Calcium is then released into the bloodstream. When calcium levels are low, bones will give off less calcium in order to maintain even the any kind of amount.

3) Explain how the body controls calcium levels in the bones and blood. Be sure to describe the roles of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitonin in detail.

The body controls calcium levels in the bones and blood through negative feedback. When calcium levels in the blood stream are too low, parathyroid hormone (PTH)

release...