Medical Physiology

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of Medical Physiology

E L E V E N T H E D I T I O N

Arthur C. Guyton, M.D.†

Professor Emeritus Department of Physiology and Biophysics University of Mississippi Medical Center Jackson, Mississippi

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Deceased

John E. Hall, Ph.D.

Professor and Chairman Department of Physiology and Biophysics University of Mississippi Medical Center Jackson, Mississippi

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TEXTBOOK OF MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY

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NOTICE Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and experience broaden our knowledge, changes in practice, treatment and drug therapy may become necessary or appropriate. Readers are advised to check the most current information provided (i) on procedures featured or (ii) by the manufacturer of each product to be administered, to verify the recommended dose or formula, the method and duration of administration, and contraindications. It is the responsibility of the practitioner, relying on their own experience and knowledge of the patient, to make...