Organizational Behavior Study Guide

CHAPTER ONE: Introduction & Ethics

Brief history of organizational behavior – SLIDES 1

A. Scientific Management Theory

1. Job Specialization and the Division of Labor

Adam Smith

Craft-style – all steps

Production – One step

Higher efficiency

2. F. W. Taylor and Scientific Management

Use scientific principles to solve efficiency problems

Emphasis: Simplification / Job standardization

Four Principles of Scientific Management

1. Study the ways jobs are performed now and

determine new ways to do them.

Gather detailed time and motion information.

 Try different methods to see which is best.

2. Codify the new methods into rules.

 Teach to all workers the new method.

3. Select workers whose skills match the rules.

4. Establish fair levels of performance and pay a

premium for higher performance.

Workers & Employers should benefit from

higher output

3. The Gilbreths

4. Industrial Psychology

B. Administrative Management Theory

1. Weber’s Theory of Bureaucracy

2. Fayol’s Principles of Management

C. Behavioral Management Theory – HR Movement

1. The Work of Mary Parker Follett: Motivate job performance instead of demanding it

2. The Hawthorne Studies and Human Relations : manipulate workplace factors

3. McGregor – Theory x a : X workers – disliked work Y: Positive -

Contingency approach – calls for using management concepts and techniques in a situational appropriate manner instead on relying on “one best way”.

Human relations, Total quality, Contingency view, etc

Human and Social Capital – Human individual characteristics / Social - relationships

Psychological Capital and Positive Organizational Behavior – P. 61

POB: the study and application of positively oriented human resource strengths and psychological capacities that can be measured, developed and effectively managed for performance improvement in today’s workplace.

CHAPTER FOUR: Perception and Diversity

Common...