Report1.Doc

Report1

910329-P903 Youngin, Choi

I think “welfare state” means the state which guarantees proper redistribution of income through social policies. The “redistribution” means the government and the people of upper class help the lowest class not only to survive, but also to do a productive role as members of society. In addition, according to the definition, welfare state pursues happiness of the country as a whole. So if there are citizens who cannot practice their own rights and be disadvantaged illegally, the society must try to solve the problem and compensate to them. In other words, in the welfare state the government and the people act as a sort of insurance for themselves. As a result, the people of welfare state are not afraid of failures and can have creative and innovative ideas, because they are guaranteed opportunities to resume when they got failed.

According to the books of Esping-Anderson, he introduced the concept of “de-commodification” and of the three types of welfare state. The first model is ‘liberal’ welfare state. In the respect of ‘liberty’ from the country, self-help is the principle of its welfare system. The government is able to interfere in the problem only when they are in emergency situation. And the states encouraged the power of market either passively or actively. Consequently, the effect of de-commodification is lowest in this model.

The second model is ‘conservative’ welfare state. In the ‘conservative’ welfare state considers the role of traditional communities such as church, family and so on importantly. So in the development of welfare system, the communities, and authoritative order and maintaining of status (that the communities were charge of) were intended. In other words, the rights are connected to social class and status, so preservation of status is important. In this case market provides welfare and redistributive effect is negligible. Male income earners are the nucleus of the social insurance, so family services...