Late Adulthood

PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT IN LATE ADULTHOOD

CAREER DEVELOPMENT

The task the individual has to accomplish is: Preventing redundancy and preparing for retirement.

- Retirement between 60 & 65 years; ( education, work status, job satisfaction and salary = less eager to retire.

Adjustment to retirement

- Decline in income, loss of status, power and personal social identity; freedom of time use

- Financial security one of the factors that contributes towards a healthy and independent old age.

- Voluntary retirement and health

- Attitudes of others

- Attitude toward work

- Preparation for retirement

Process of retirement: Atchley's Phases of retirement: individualistic, not sequential or age specific

- Pre-retirement - remote; near retirement

- Honeymoon phase - enjoyment

- Disenchantment phase- excitement worn off

- Reorientation phase - more realistic expectations

- Stability phase role mastery

- Termination phase loss of physical capabilities & autonomy (illness & disability)

Effect of Retirement

No notable effect on health, activity, social and leisure activities, marital happiness or life satisfaction

FACTORS THAT PROMOTE SUCCESSFUL AGING

a Social activity

Disengagement Theory (Cumming & Henry)

- Natural decline in role activity

- Gradual physical & psychological withdrawal from others

- Community with draws from individual

- Mutual & simultaneous withdrawal

- psychological well being

Activity Theory

- Successful aging is dependent on high level of activity & involvement

- The degree in which they succeed in finding satisfactory substitute roles influence life satisfaction

- Short comings in both theories.

b Personality factors

Personality structure is the central factor in determining ageing patterns and that establishes the r/ship between social role activity & life satisfaction.

Better explanation of individual adjustments to old age.

c Economic factors

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