My Work

1st. Generation

1971: 4004 Intel

The 4004 was Intel's first microprocessor, with the speed of 108KHz. The 4-bit 4004 ran at 108 kHz and It consisted of 2300 transistors with pMOS technology. Its speed is estimated at 0.06 MIPS, performed 60,000 operations per second (OPS), addressed 640 bytes of memory. The total number of instructions were 46. The designed clock speed was 1 MHz while only 740 kHz was achieved. It was the first microprocessor and it was used in the Busicom 141-PF calculator.

1972: 8008 Intel

The 8008 was twice as powerful as the 4004. It used up to 3500 transistors. However, it was slower than its predecessor 4004.The clock speed was 0.5 MHz with the total number of instructions being 48.It had 64bytes of addressable memory. For the first time it was used in personal computers.

1974: 8080 Intel

The 8080 contained 6000 transistors, running at the speed of 2Mhz,the 8080 was first widely used as a traffic-light controller. The clock speed increased to 2 MHz, it was built on nMOS technology. The major development was the separation of address (16-bit) and data (8-bit) bus. It also supported 256 I/OS. It was used in the computers MITS Altair 8800 and IMSAI 8080. Space Invaders (arcade video game) also used 8080 as the main processor.

1997:8085 Intel

This one was also used as a microcontroller working on +5V supply. It was the first time that von Neumann architecture was used. It was built with 6500 transistors and used nMOS technology. The instruction set consisted of 256 instructions.

1978: 8086 Intel

The 8086 was available in clock speeds of 5MHz, 8MHz, and 10MHz. The 8088 was available in speeds from 4.77 MHz and 8MHz.and used the 16-bit architecture allowing it to work internally with 16-digit numbers. The 8088 had the ability of addressing up to 1MB of RAM, and like the 8086, it is able to work with the 8087 math coprocessor chip. It came in 40-pin DIP as well as PLCC (plastic leaded chip carrier) package. However, the data path was only...