Chem 120

Alberto Clausell jr

iLab, Week #6

CRUDE OIL DISTILLATION

Introduction

The Purpose of this lab was to see how temperature changes the chemical properties of crude oil and how heat distills out the crude oil.

Summary:

The boiling points of organic compounds can give important clues to other physical properties. This experiment will give a better understanding of what happens when crude oil is distilled.

Findings:

One major finding that was interesting was that the oil at the gasoline phase was a pinkish grey and when it became kerosene it became grey just like the crude oil.

Procedure

Set up the distillation apparatus

* Obtain the 100 mL Round Bottom Flask.

* Grab a heating Mantel, with a distillation head

* Then get a condenser for the flask and a distillation take off

* You will need a 100 mL Graduated Cylinder and place it under the end of the distillation take-off. The graduated cylinder will collect the distillate.

Begin distillation

* Put 50 mL of crude oil in the flask and record the grams of gasoline, kerosene, and lubricating oils that are present in the 50 mL of crude oil.

* Begin with Max Heat with the heating Mantel.

* Monitor the temperature. Record the temperature at which the crude oil begins to boil.

* When the crude oil begins to boil, turn the temperature down to 60% by turning down the heating mantle two dashes.

* Maintain a level of heating so that a continuous, drop-wise flow runs into the graduated cylinder.

Record the results

* Record the temperature when the first drop falls from the end of the condenser.

* Record the volumes of distillate (read directly from the graduated cylinder) condensed at each of the temperatures indicated on the data sheet (for those temperatures above the temperature at which the first drop falls).

* Record the color changes.

* Do not heat the crude oil to a temperature greater than 275 degrees Celsius. You can change the...