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Education in the Philippines during the First Republic
Prepared by: Jessica Anne C. Reyes
The Malolos Republic: Brief History
* Also called The First Philippine Republic
* Established by Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo with his adviser Apolinario Mabini
* Aguinaldo had with him a draft of a plan prepared by Mariano Ponce for the establishment of a revolutionary government
* 2 types of government established during the first republic:
- Dictatorial government
- Revolutionary Government
* On May 24, 1898, Aguinaldo issued a decree formally establishing the Dictatorial Government
* Aguinaldo thought that it was necessary to declare the independence of the Philippines
* On June 12, between four and five in the afternoon, Aguinaldo, in the presence of a huge crowd, proclaimed the independence of the Philippines at Cavite el Viejo (now Kawit)
* For the first time, the Philippine National Flag, made by Mrs. Marcela Agoncillo, assisted by Lorenza Agoncillo and Delfina Herboza, was officially raised.
* Marcha Nacional Filipina or the Philippine National March, composed by Julian Felipe, was first played in public at the same day.
* The dictatorial government lasted for only a month, from May 24 to June 23, 1898.
* On June 23, 1898, Aguinaldo issued a decree setting up the Revolutionary Government.
* The decree provided for the creation of congress
* In the morning of September 15, the basilica of Barasoain was filled with delegates and expectators.
Education
* Because of the destruction of many schools and to the peace and order condition, all the schools were closed for the time being.
* Aguinaldo decreed that all diplomas awarded by UST after 1898 be considered null and void
* Article 23 of the Malolos Constitution mandated that public education would be free and obligatory in all schools of the nation under the First Philippine Republic
* Aguinaldo included an item for public instruction amounting...