Case Study from Bio 099

Jenna Friedland

Bio-099

Case Study

Part I

1. Proteins have many different uses in the human body, everything from transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide through the body as hemoglobin to fighting disease and infection as antibodies. Protein is made up of amino acids and there are 20 different amino acids that make up different proteins. An amino acid is formed by an carboxyl group, an amino group and a R group. The R group is how the amino acids differ from one another. The human body makes 10 out of the 20 amino acids all on its own. It gets the rest from food and nutrients that is taken into the body. There are many different kinds of food that are rich in protein. For example, meat, poultry, eggs and fish have a lot of good protein. Also dairy products such as milk and cheeses contain lots of protein. Then lastly, nuts and legumes such as peanuts and soy beans are a good source of protein as well.

Carbohydrates main function in the human body is to supply energy and depending on the carbohydrate it can be a quick burst or a more sustained energy. For example complex carbohydrates such as whole grains can give the body energy for long periods of time. However, simple sugars such as fructose found in fruit will only give the body a short body. The more complex the carbohydrate the more energy you can get out of it. For instants, there are monosaccharaides like glucose which is a monomer or simple molecule of a carbohydrate. You can also have disaccharides such as fructose which are made up of two carbohydrates covalently bonded together. Lastly, there polysaccharides the most complicated carbohydrate which include starch, glycogen, and calluses. Polysaccharides are made up of many disaccharides or monosaccharaides covalently bonded together. These polysaccharides give the most energy for the great amount of time. There many foods the contain carbs like starch and fiber. Some carbs are more healthy then others. For example food with lots of whole...