Anatomy Study Guide

Skeletal System Study Guide – Use the lecture folder to help you answer these questions. The more detail you add, the better prepared for the test you will be.

1. What are the functions of the skeleton?

1.Protection - the cranium and ribs protect the brain and vital organs in the chest.

2.Shape - gives shape to the body and makes you tall or short.

3.Support - holds your vital organs in place when playing sport. The vertebral column holds the body upright.

4.Movement - muscle are attached to bones, which are jointed. When the muscles contract the bones move.

5.Blood production - red blood cells (to carry oxygen) and white blood cells (to protect against infection) are produced in the bone marrow of some bones.

2. What is the difference between osteoclasts and osteoblasts?

an osteoblast is specific to the building/production of new bone

an osteoclast is specific to the tearing down/destruction of bone

3. How many bones do we have in our body?

206

4. What do bones need in order to be healthy?

Calcium

5. Differentiate between tendons, ligaments and joints.

A tendon is a tough band of fibrous connective tissue that usually connects muscle to bone and is capable of withstanding tension.

A joint is the location at which two or more bones make contact.

A ligament is a short band of tough fibrous dense regular connective tissue composed mainly of long, stringy collagen fibers. Ligaments connect bones to other bones to form a joint.

6. What are the 2 main divisions of the skeletal system? Differentiate between the 2 and what bones are within each.

The axial and appendicular are the two divisions in the skeletal system. The axial skeleton consists of bones that form the axis of the body and support and protect the organs of the head, neck, and trunk the skull, the sternum, & the ribs. The appendicular skeleton is...