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Date Submitted: 04/14/2014 03:16 AM
MAKING SOAP FROM A BLEND OF COCONUT OIL AND SESAME OIL
MAJDAH M. MAHAMOUD
171/0083/2009
SUPERVISORS
DR BICHANGA
A project proposal submitted to the chemistry department in partial fulfillment for the award of Bachelor of Science Degree in Industrial Chemistry at Kenyatta University.
FEBRUARY 2013
DECLARATION
I declare that this project proposal is my original work and has not been presented to any other institution for the award of any degree in any other university.
Signature..............................................Date..................................................................
MAJDAH M. MAHAMOUD
CERTIFICATION
This project proposal has been submitted with my approval as a University supervisor:
Signature..............................................Date..................................................................
DR BICHANGA
Signature..............................................Date..................................................................
Chemistry Department
TABLE OF CONTENT
DECLARATION i
ABSTRACT ii
TABLE OF CONTENT iii
1.0 INTRODUCTION 1
2.0 PROBLEM STATEMENT 3
3.0 JUSTIFICATION 3
4.0 HYPOTHESIS 3
5.0 OBJECTIVE 4
6.0 LITERATURE REVIEW 5
6.1 saponification values 5
6.2 modern soap making 7
6.3 blended oils 7
7.0 METHODOLOGY 9
7.1 raw materials 12
7.2.computation using SAP values 12
7.4. preparing of soap 13
7.5. analysis of soap 13
8.0 INPUTS 16
9.0 WORK PLAN 17
10.0 BUDGET ESTIMATES 18
11.0 REFERENCES 19
ABTRACT
Soap is our daily tool as a common cleansing agent. It is simply a water-soluble salt of fatty acids which contain eight or more carbon atoms. Soaps come in many forms, from bars, liquid , powders, chips ,sticks e.t.c.The uses for soaps are just as expansive, from cleaning our hands, hair, and faces to a variety of household cleaning jobs, such as dishes or laundry. Thus they are classified into textile soaps, laundry...