Social Jusice

#1) ‘Noise’ can be seen as any interference in the orderly sequence of society and culture (Winge, 97). In layman’s terms, noise is something that challenges norms or traditional beliefs and distracts mainstream society. Using this definition, Modern Primitive subcultures make noise by engaging in body modification while making reference to "primitive cultures”. For example, these subcultures often take part in branding to initiate members or to celebrate a specific rite of passage (Winge, 98). These actions go against the everyday norms in our society and people begin to take note of these modifications which, in turn, creates noise.

#2) The cyber world will never come to replace real body modification. While the virtual world gives individual’s the option of unlimited body modifications, it also takes away from their purpose. An avatar can never represent your beliefs or ideologies in the same way that a real tattoo or brand can. These sub-groups who are interested in body modification want the world to see their passion; they don’t want to hide behind a computer screen. More so, virtual worlds tend to leave people addicted to their secret identity—causing things like job loss and failed relationships (Winge, 122).

#4) Essentially, fashion designers seek inspiration from subcultural dressings and use them in fashion shows. Next, celebrities buy the attire and are then photographed—creating a larger market for the new ‘style’. This leads to designers creating cheaper clothing lines based on these styles (Winge, 113). Before you know it, what once was a subcultures style is now mainstream. Subcultures responded to this in two ways: 1) Some groups enjoy it because it leads to more recognition and revenue. 2) Some subcultures don’t like mainstreamers diluting their message. These groups then try to become more distinct which leads to more severe body modifications than before (Winge, 114).

#6) The communicative body is defined as a body used as an expressive...