Scientific Management

Scientific management was hypothesis of administration that evaluated and produced workflows. Its main purpose was to develop economic competence, particularly labor productivity. Scientific management was one of the original attempts to relate science to the engineering of procedures and to management. The idea was first propounded by Frederick Winslow Taylor which is response to motivational problem which soldiering that attempt among workers to do least amount of work in the longest amount of time. Taylor proposed that managers should scientifically and set high targets for productivity which is known as initiative and incentive with which workers were rewarded with higher wages or promotion. His idea was to improve how workers got the job done and to make sure management got the best from their workers. He found that the management was unaware of how much work was actually being done and that workers deliberately shirked work. He therefore suggested that those responsible for management should take on a scientific approach in their work and make use of scientific method for achieving higher efficiency. The method consists of the following:

Observation

Measurement

Experimentation

Inference

He also developed the "Time and Motion Study". He would break a job down into sections and measure each section to a hundredth of a minute. 

The advantages of this Theory are that organizations became much more successful and flexible. Also, each individual member of staff were scientifically trained and developed rather than leaving them to train themselves, giving them a much more successful working environment and the stability of a long term working relationship. The Theory also has its disadvantages, as some workers resented the idea of being watched and timed and this led to many strikes.  With the improved productivity that also increased the monotony of work. The core job dimensions to skill variety, task identity, task significance, autonomy and feedback all...