Gene Expression Reagents Market - Global Industry Analysis, Trends and Forecast, 2013 - 2019

Gene expression is a process that results in the synthesis of a functional gene product with the help of the information coded on genes. These products usually are proteins with respect to coding genes but in case of non-coding genes such as tRNA (transfer RNA), or RNA (ribosomal RNA), the functional product is a functional RNA. The process of gene expression is significant in both prokaryotes (bacteria) and eukaryotes (multicellular organisms) in order to ensure the generation of macromoleular machinery for their life.

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Gene expression comprises transcription and translation processes. Transcription (DNA to RNA) refers to production of RNA copies of DNA with the help of the enzyme RNA polymerase. While translation (RNA to protein) is a process that results in the synthesis of proteins based on the information on the coding genes (messenger RNA). There is a possibility of the alteration of several steps in gene expression process such as in RNA splicing, post-translational modification of proteins and others. Gene regulation is the basis for morphogenesis, cellular differentiation and versatility and renders cell control over structure and function of the genes.

Gene expression profiling refers to the process of measuring the activity (expression) of several genes at once in to understand the cellular functions. This analysis can facilitate scientists to identify the molecular basis of phenotypic differences and also enables selection of gene expression targets for the future research studies. The various analysis techniques employed for gene expression are SAGE (serial analysis of gene expression), Real Time PCR-based gene expression profiling, microarray analysis, transcriptome sequencing and others. Gene expression reagents are the chemicals used in gene expression studies performed to determine the gene expression patterns. Sample preparation and...