Mitosis

Assignments 3. Prokaryotic vs. eukaryotic, cell cycle, cell division.

Name: ____________________________________________________________________

1. Complete the following table with the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

| Prokaryotic cells | Eukaryotic cells |

DNA location | In the nucleoid | In the nucleus |

Membranous organelles | Absent | Golgi complex, lysosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, and chloroplasts. |

Other organelles | PlasmidsCytoplasmGranulesRibosomesCytoskeletonsPlasma membraneCell WallGlycocalixEndospores | ChloroplastsEndoplasmic reticulumFlagellumVacuoleNucleus |

Cell Wall composition | Chemically complex, the typical bacteria Wall includes peptidoglycan | Chemically simple, contains cellulose and chitin |

Size | 0.2 – 2.0 µm in diameter | 10 – 100 µm in diameter |

Chromosomes | Single circular chromosome with lack of histones in most cases | Multiple linear chromosomes with histones |

DNA packaging | No nuclear membrane so DNA is “floating” | In the nuclear membrane |

Genes structure | First its a promoter, then the RNA coding sequence and finally the terminator | * Promoter * Transcription * Start codón * Codons * Donor site * Exon * Intron * Poly-A-site |

Cell Division | Fission | Mitosis or meiosis |

| Prokaryotic cells | Eukaryotic cells |

Acquisition of new genetic material | | |

2. Complete the next sentences with the correct words.

a. During _____________________________ DNA is synthetized using as template a preexisting DNA molecule. This happens in the__________________.

b. During ______________________, RNA is synthesized from DNA in the ____________________, but the process by which it mRNA and proteins are synthesized from coding genes is known as _____________ ______________.

c. During ____________________ proteins are synthesized from ___RNA, with the aid of ____ RNA and ____ RNA. This happens in the__________________....