Answer Key

Shier, Butler, and Lewis: Hole’s Human Anatomy and Physiology, 10th ed. Chapter 7: Skeletal System

Chapter 7: Skeletal System

I. Bone Structure

A. Bone Classification

1. The four classes of bone according to shape are long, short, flat, and irregular.

2. Examples of long bones are forearm and thigh bones.

3. Short bones are shaped like cubes.

4. Examples of short bones are wrist bones and ankle bones.

5. Flat bones are platelike structures.

6. Examples of flat bones are some skull bones, ribs, and scapulae.

7. Irregular bones have a variety of shapes.

8. Examples of irregular bones are vertebrae and some facial bones.

9. Round bones are also called sesamoid bones.

10. Sesamoid bones are small and nodular and embedded in tendons.

11. An example of a sesamoid bone is the patella.

B. Parts of a Long Bone

1. An expanded end of a long bone is an epiphysis.

2. An epiphysis articulates with another bone.

3. Articular cartilage is located on an epiphysis.

4. The shaft of a long bone is called a diaphysis.

5. Periosteum is a tough, vascular, fibrous membrane covering the diaphysis of a bone.

6. Periosteum functions to form and repair bone tissue.

7. Processes provide sites for attachments of tendons or ligaments.

8. The wall of the diaphysis is composed of compact bone.

9. Compact bone has a continuous matrix with no gaps.

10. The epiphyses are largely composed of spongy bone bone.

11. Spongy bone consists of bony plates called trabeculae.

12. A bone usually has both compact bone and spongy bone.

13. A canal called the medullary cavity runs through the diaphysis.

14. Endosteum lines...