2 Aaproaches

BEE 3033

LANGUAGE, IDEOLOGY AND POWER

CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS APPROACHES

PREPARED FOR:

MR HISHAMUDDIN SALIM

PREPARED BY:

SHARIFAH NURZANIRAH BT SYED AZIMAL

030552

WODAK’S DISCOURSE-HISTORICAL MODEL OF CDA

Like Fairclough, Wodak is also a linguistically orientated CDA scholar. She sees discourse as “a complex bundle of simultaneous and sequential interrelated linguistic acts, which manifest themselves within and across the social fields of action as thematically interrelated semiotic, oral or written tokens, very often as “texts”, that belong to specific semiotic types, i.e. genres (Reisegl and Wodak, 2001, p. 66).”

Wodak’s approach is a discourse-historical perspective on CDA. In this approach the connection between fields of action, genres, discourses and texts is described and modelled, and context is understood mainly historically.

The discourse-historical approach is both hermeneutic and interpretative, with some influence from cognitive science (Wodak, 1996). This approach is understood not as a sequence of separate operational steps but as a cycle in which the three analytical dimensions (see above) are systematically and recursively related to the totality of contextual knowledge. The exact description of individual texts and the analysis of larger corpora of data allow statements to be made at both micro and macro levels. The general principles of the discourse-historical approach may be summarized as follows.

First, setting and context should be recorded as accurately as possible, since discourse can only be described, understood and interpreted in its specific context. Second, the content of an utterance must be confronted with historical events and facts. Third, texts must be described as precisely as possible at all linguistic levels. Categories of analysis at the linguistic level highly depend on the research question (Wodak, 2001). Wodak (2001) summarizes the procedures of the discourse-historic...