A Case of Diabetes Insipidus

1. Describe the mechanism by which normal fluid regulation in the body occurs.

* The kidneys remove extra body fluids in the bloodstream, this waste is stored in the bladder. If the fluid regulation system is working right the kidneys will make less urine to save your body's fluids so you don't become dehydrated.

2. What is considered to be excessive thirst and urination in an adult?

* An adult who urinates more than 50mL/kg body weight per 2 hours and an adult who drinks more than 1 gallon or around 12 glasses per day.

3. List and briefly describe the four types of diabetes insipidus.

* Neurogenic DI- is caused by a deficiency of antidiuretic hormone

* Nephrogenic DI- is caused by insensitivity of the kidneys to effect the antidiuretic hormone

* Dispogenic DI- is caused by being really thirty and drinking way too much liquid of any kind.

* Gestagenic DI- is only during pregnancy and it is causd by a deficiency of the antidiuretic

4. How is pituitary diabetes insipidus diagnosed?

* It is diagnosed with a urinalysis, a fluid deprivation test and an MRI. The urinalysis should include the measurement of osmolality and specific gravity.

5. In what ways is diabetes insipidus similar to diabetes mellitus? In what ways do they differ?

* Diabetes mellitus is similar to diabetes insipidus because they have some of the same symptoms, for example excessive thirst and urination. Diabetes mellitus differs from diabetes insipidus because diabetes mellitus results from the body not being able to produce insulin and diabetes insipidus is from the body not making enough insulin.

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