Laboratory Excersise: Thoracic Cavity

LABORATORY EXERCISE 15

VERTEBRAL COLUMN AND THORACIC CAGE

Figure Labels

FIG. 15.1

1. Cervical 5. Coccyx

2. Thoracic 6. Intervertebral foramina

3. Lumbar 7. Intervertebral discs

4. Sacrum

FIG. 15.2 a-b

8

3

4

7

1

6

5

2

FIG. 15.3 a-c

6

7

3

5

4

1

9

2

8

FIG. 15.4

1. Sacral promontory 5. Sacral canal

2. Anterior sacral foramen 6. Tubercles (of median sacral crest)

3. Coccyx 7. Posterior sacral foramen

4. Superior articular process 8. Sacral hiatus

Critical Thinking Application Answer

The four curvatures allow more resiliency and flexibility, which will enable the vertebal column to function more like a spring instead of a rigid rod.

FIG. 15.5

1. True ribs 6. Xiphoid process

2. False ribs 7. Sternum

3. Thoracic vertebra 8. Costal cartilage

4. Manubrium 9. Floating ribs

5. Body

Laboratory Report Answers

PART A

1. Spinal cord 7. Atlas

2. Bodies 8. Dens (odontoid process)

3. Intervertebral discs 9. Lumbar

4. Vertebral arch 10. Five

5. Spinal nerves 11. Sacral hiatus

6. arteries

PART B

Vertebra | Number | Size | Body | Spinous Process | Transverse Foramina |

Cervical | 7 | Smallest | Smallest | C2 through C5 are forked | Present |

Thoracic | 12 | Intermediate | Intermediate | Pointed and angled downward | Absent |

Lumbar | 5 | Largest | Largest | Short, blunt, and nearly horizontal | Absent |

PART C

1. 206 5. a. It supports the shoulder...