Chemical Basis

A & P I

Chapter 2 Chemistry and Biochemistry

Why Chemistry in Anatomy?

1. We are made of chemicals (1000’s or them)

2. Interactions between those chemicals allow for life

3. Create physiological processes, e.g.

a. Thoughts

b. Heart contractions

c. Digestion

Chemistry Fundamentals

1. Matter

a. Occupies space

b. Has mass

i. Mass vs. weight

2. States of matter

c. Solid

ii. Definite shape and volume

iii. Bones teeth, blood cells

d. Liquid

iv. Definite volume, shape of their container

v. Blood plasma (91% water)

e. Gases

vi. No definite shape or volume

vii. Substances we inhale and exhale

3. Energy

f. Ability to do work or transfer heat

g. Energy is used to move matter

h. Important for living things

i. How has Energy affected you today?

4. Types of energy

j. Kinetic

viii. Energy of motion

ix. Blood being moved through our vessels

k. Potential

x. Stored energy

xi. Food, glucose

***Life requires that the stored energy be used(potential to kinetic)

*** The sun begins these energy conversion processes on earth.

5. Other types of energy

l. Chemical

xii. Found in the bonds of molecules or compounds

xiii. The breaking or building of “bonds” creates kinetic energy

xiv. ATP ADP + P + energy, runs living processes

m. Electrical

xv. Movement of electrons (battery or AC)

xvi. Movement of electrolytes in our body

n. Mechanical

xvii. Pushing your pen to write notes

o. Radiant

xviii. Electromagnetic radiation

xix. Energy converted into food by photosynthesis

xx. Stimulus for our retina

xxi. Causes sunburns

What is matter comprised of?

1. Elements

a. 112, 92 naturally occurring

b. C, O,...