Module 04 Case Study: Bone Tissue

Module 04 Case Study: Bone Tissue

Part I— “Marissa” Questions

1. Describe bone tissue and the role each component plays in bone physiology and remodeling. What is the difference between compact and spongy bone? (2 points)

--There are four types of bone tissues in the body. They are osteocytes, osteoblasts, osteoclast, and osteogenic. Osteocytes are mature bones and are used to maintain mineral concentration of the matrix. Osteoclast are responsible for the tearing down and reabsorption of the bone. Osteoblast are then key to building and production of new immature bone. Osteogenic are undifferentiated cells with high mitotic activity and are the only bone cells able to divide. Compact bones are dense osteon tissue that are able to withstand compressive forces. Spongy bones are osseous tissue that supports shifts in weight distributions. Compact bones are dense and hard, located on the outside of the bone. Spongy bones are an open network to fill bones to give support and are located on the inside of bones, such as long bones.

2. Explain the relationship between calcium and bones. (1 point)

--The relationship between calcium and bones are that calcium aids in the growth of health bones. Calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate are essential in the growth of hydroxyapatite crystals which give bones their hardness and strength.

3. Explain how the body controls calcium levels in the bones and blood. Be sure to describe the roles of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitonin in detail. (2 points)

---The bones are a huge resource for the body to get the amount of calcium it needs to function properly. Osteocytes are responsible for maintaining mineral concentrations within the matrix, this includes calcium. Canaliculi are channels that hold long cytoplasmic processes throughout the bone matrix, allowing osteocytes to communicate and regulate nutrients within the bones. The Parathyroid hormone and calcitonin are hormones that regulate the level...