Submitted by: Submitted by hjlsteenkamp
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Category: Science and Technology
Date Submitted: 10/04/2015 05:05 AM
Die plant liggaam
1. Plant structure and growth: overview
Plante
* Photosynthetic( carbon dioxide, water and sunlight) autotrophs(ability to make own food)
* Organs: body structure, contains two or more types of tissues and have a definite form and function
* Tissue: group of cells and intercellular substance that functions together in one or more specialized tasks
Plant tissue sharing some general features
* Primary cell wall developed around Protoplast: cytoplasm , organelles and plasma membrane
* Primary cell wall: cellulose fibers embedded in a matrix of hemicelluloses and branched carbohydrates
* celluloses fibers + carbohydrates makes wall rigid & flexible
* pectin: bind cells together
* secondary cell wall: addition of celluloses inside the primary wall (as plant grows)
* lignin(lignification anchors) in cell walls (some plants): stiffens the celluloses fibers in the walls & protects components in the wall form physical/chemical damage
* Pits: how water and minerals passes from lignified cells to another
* Primary cell wall: thin and porous
* Pasmodesmata linking: in living plants: amino acids, sugars and other
Shoot system
* Stems, leaves, flowers(angiosperm)
* Highly adapted for photosynthesis
* Max position for exposure to light
Root system
* Anchors
* Absorbs water and dissolved minerals from soil
* Stores carbohydrates
Growth
* Primary growth: from the Apical meristem, clumps of self-perpetuating tissue at the tips of their buds, stems and roots
* Primary tissue: primary plant body
* growth in length
* Secondary growth: from lateral meristems, self-perpetuating cylinders of tissue
* Woody body
* Secondary tissue: secondary plant body
* diameter of older roots and stems
2. Three plant tissue systems
Ground tissue | Parenchyma | * Primary growth * Photosynthesis,respiration,...